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The Capture of Valkenburg of 1574, also known as the Capture of Valkenburg Castle, took place in early February 1574, at Valkenburg fortress (Valkenburg Castle), Limburg, Flanders (present-day the Netherlands), during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604), in the context of the Siege of Leiden.〔〔Fissel p.141〕 The fortress of Valkenburg (northwest of Leiden), garrisoned by five English companies commanded by Colonel Edward Chester, was of strategic importance to facilitate (or complicate) the Spanish efforts at Leiden.〔〔Oscar Gelderblom p.47〕 In early February, when the Spanish troops (sent by ''Maestre de Campo'' Don Francisco de Valdés) advanced over Valkenburg Castle, the English troops surrendered the fortress to the Spaniards and fled towards Leiden.〔 Then, the Spanish forces entered and took possession of the fortress (Spanish: ''tomando la fortaleza a placer'').〔 For the cowardice demonstrated at Valkenburg, the English troops were rejected by the Dutch rebel army at Leiden, and finally Chester's troops surrendered to the Spanish army.〔〔〔''From England, Colonel Edward Chester brought five companies to nearby Valkenburg Castle. Orange wanted to get these men into Leiden, but they fled as Spanish units approached the castle, and were subsequently denied admission to Leiden because of their cowardice''. James Tracy p.II〕 Soon after, the English forces at Alphen (now called Alphen aan den Rijn, southwest Leiden), were defeated as well, and at Gouda, another English force was surprised and defeated by a contigent of Spanish troops, with the loss of 300 men and three colours for the English.〔Mark Charles Fissel p.41〕 In April 1574, Francisco de Valdés halted the siege of Leiden, to face the invading rebel army led by Louis of Nassau and Henry of Nassau-Dillenburg (brothers of Prince William of Orange), but the Spanish forces commanded by General Don Sancho d'Avila reached them first, leading to the Battle of Mookerheyde.〔(''The History of The Netherlands (Complete)'' ). John Lothrop Motley〕 The Dutch suffered a disastrous defeat, losing at least 3,000 men, with both Louis and Henry killed.〔〔Radhey Shyam Chaurasia p.256〕 Finally, the rebel army dispersed due to lack of pay.〔〔(''Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O'' ). Tony Jaques p.684〕 ==See also== * Siege of Leiden * Battle of Reimerswaal * Battle of Mookerheyde * States-General of the Netherlands * List of Governors of the Spanish Netherlands 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Capture of Valkenburg (1574)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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